The short answer

What it reportsRent or royalty payments; prizes and awards that are not for services, such as winnings on TV or radio shows.
Amounts to report$2,000 or more, except $10 or more for royalties and $600 or more for gross proceeds paid to an attorney
To the recipientJanuary 31
To the IRS, on paperFebruary 28
To the IRS, electronicallyMarch 31
Two IRS pages, two numbersThe Guide to Information Returns is still the 2025 edition and prints “$600 or more, except $10 or more for royalties”. The figure above is the 2026 rule from this form’s own instructions, which are the later source. If you are filing for 2025, the Guide is the one that applies to you.

If one arrives

Where it goes depends on the box. Rent and royalties usually reach Schedule E; prizes and other income reach Schedule 1; medical payments reach Schedule C.

The form is how a payer tells the IRS what it paid. Its absence is not permission — income you received is reportable whether or not a form covers it, and a threshold decides only who must file, never what you owe.

If you have to send one

You file one for rent, royalties, prizes and similar payments. Royalties start at $10 and gross proceeds paid to an attorney at $600 — both far below the general threshold.

Electronic filing is required once you file 10 information returns, counting every type together — eight 1099-NECs and four 1099-MISCs is twelve, not eight.

This page is for educational purposes only and does not constitute tax, legal, or financial advice. It covers United States federal reporting. Consult a qualified tax professional about your situation.

Official sources